Sources & methodology

CGA Union Government monthly accounts for September 2026 (FY2026-27) and later months

Not yet published as of 2026-10-15. CGA Accountproc.aspx POST for month=09, FY=2026-2027 returns the empty form page (104 KB) with no 'TAX REVENUE (Net)' detailed-trend table; September accounts are typically released at the end of October. Latest available FY2026-27 month is August 2026.

CGA Gross Tax Revenue by head (union.gtr.total/corporation_tax/income_tax/customs/union_excise/gst and GST components) for March 2026 and FY2026-27 monthly, as a FYTD monthly series

The CGA Union Government monthly account 'At a Glance' + detailed-trend (DTL1) HTML pages publish only aggregate items (Revenue Receipts, Tax Revenue NET to centre, Non-Tax Revenue, expenditure items, deficits). They do NOT print the gross-tax-revenue-by-head breakdown monthly. That breakdown is published in the CGA DAMA dashboard .xlsm (used by out/union-tax.json, source cga-dama-feb-2026, covering up to Feb 2026). A newer DAMA file (March 2026 / FY2026-27) could not be fetched: the filename carries an unpredictable date-suffix (Feb file = 'DAMA dashboard February 2026 Data file22026.xlsm') and the CGA dashboard listing/download page is required to obtain exact names.

union.devolution_to_states as a standalone FYTD monthly figure from CGA monthly accounts

CGA monthly 'At a Glance'/DTL1 publishes only 'Tax Revenue (Net)' (net to centre) and does not separately print the devolution/states-share line in the detailed trend tables. Devolution FYTD is available in the DAMA xlsm (same gap as above). out/union-tax.json already carries union.devolution_to_states for 2026-02 from the DAMA file.

CBDT FYTD direct-tax snapshots for FY2026-27 as on 17.09.2026 and 14.10.2026

incometaxindia.gov.in is behind an Akamai/Shape WAF that returns HTTP 403 to curl for all /Lists/Press Releases/Attachments and /news PDF paths; the two files pre-downloaded by the cancelled run for these dates are actually Liferay '404' HTML pages (not PDFs). PIB did not carry these specific releases in the saved listings. Captured and parsed FY2026-27 snapshots: 17.06.2026, 13.07.2026, 10.08.2026.

GST monthly collection (national + state-wise) for March 2026, April 2026, May 2026, June 2026, July 2026, August 2026, September 2026 (and also Nov 2025, Dec 2025, Jan 2026 noted missing in out/gst.json)

GSTN statistics page https://www.gst.gov.in/download/gststatistics is a JavaScript SPA served behind an F5/Shape 'TSPD' JS anti-bot challenge (page body is a base64 audio decoy + /TSPD/ challenge script); curl cannot execute the JS challenge, so the dynamic file list / API that provides the download URLs is unreachable without a headless browser. The direct PDF host tutorial.gst.gov.in/downloads/news/ returns 404 for guessed names: the newer months use a 'final_approved_monthly_gst_data_for_website_<mon>_<year>_<ddmmyyyy>.pdf' pattern whose exact publication-date suffix cannot be guessed (confirmed working only for Feb 2026 = '..._feb_2026_01032026.pdf'). gstcouncil.gov.in/gst-revenue serves only a cached list ending at 2023. No GST data for these months was recorded (NO fabrication).

GST rate on gold (3% from 1 July 2017) as a context item verified from a primary CBIC/GST notification file

The CBIC GST rate notification endpoints (taxinformation.cbic.gov.in, cbic-gst.gov.in) did not return a downloadable PDF during this run, so the 3% GST on gold could not be verified from a primary official file. Not included in context to avoid an unverified entry.

RBI gold reserves (tonnes) added per year as context items verified from the RBI half-yearly forex-reserves report

The RBI document URL returned the generic RBI website wrapper (no report table/figures in the downloaded HTML), so RBI gold-tonnage additions could not be verified from a downloaded official file. Not included in context.

RBI Mumbai monthly gold/silver averages before April 2022

RBI Handbook Table 164 (monthly) only publishes a rolling window; the downloaded table covers Apr 2022 onward. Earlier Mumbai monthly averages are not in this source. RBI Table 35 (annual) provides FY averages back to 1985-86 (stored from FY2000-01).

World Bank Pink Sheet monthly gold/silver for Oct 2026 onward

The downloaded Pink Sheet was updated 2 October 2026 and ends at 2026M09. Later months were not yet published.

CBDT FY2026-27 FYTD snapshot releases (as on 17.06.2026, 13.07.2026, 10.08.2026, 14.10.2026 etc.)

Published only on incometaxindia.gov.in under /documents/d/guest/ (e.g. 'press-release-17-06-2026-pdf', 'direct-tax-collections-for-fy-2026-27-as-on-13-07-2026-1-pdf', '...-as-on-10-8-2026-pdf'). The live site returns HTTP 403 to every UA/header/Referer combination tried; the Wayback Machine captured only an HTTP-403 response for the 13.07.2026 URL and has NO capture of the others; PIB search is JS-rendered and did not expose the matching PRID. Per contract we do not record numbers we cannot download. (Secondary press reports put FY2026-27 as-on-14.10.2026 at gross 16,03,066.12 / refunds 2,65,199.14 / net 13,37,866.98 cr, but these are not from a downloaded official file and are therefore NOT recorded.)

City-wise / district-wise direct tax collections

No official source publishes direct tax collection at city or district level. CBDT's finest published geographic cut is the State/UT break-up (Time Series Data Table 1.2) and, administratively, the Pr.CCIT/CCA region. CBDT regions (Mumbai, Delhi, Karnataka & Goa, Tamil Nadu, etc.) are multi-city jurisdictions, not cities. No downloadable city-level dataset exists for direct tax or GST (GST is published at state and CGST-commissionerate/zone level, not city level).

Pr.CCIT region-wise direct tax collection series (dt.region.collection)

CBDT Time Series Data publishes a State/UT break-up (recorded here as dt.state.collection), not a Pr.CCIT-region break-up. Region/charge-wise figures appear in the Income Tax Department Annual Report and some parliamentary answers, but the Annual Report PDF is hosted only on incometaxindia.gov.in (403) and no clean copy was reachable via Wayback within the time budget. The equivalent geographic signal is captured at state level from Table 1.2.

Daily / weekly direct tax collection series

No official DAILY or WEEKLY direct-tax collection series is published by any government source. CBDT's highest-frequency release is the irregular FYTD 'as on <date>' snapshot (recorded here); gaps between snapshots are weeks-to-months and end dates are not on a fixed cadence, so they cannot be treated as a daily/weekly series.

Daman & Diu / Dadra & Nagar Haveli merged UT (DN) split for FY2022-23..FY2024-25

After the 2020 merger the Time Series Table 1.2 prints the two legacy names on adjacent lines with values that overlap ambiguously in the pdftotext layout for FY2022-23 onward (e.g. 344.18/440.48/998.03 against one line and 669.78/518.50 against the other). To avoid mis-attribution these specific cells were not recorded. The 2018-19 and 2019-20 separate values are recorded.

State/UT-wise direct tax collection (dt.state.collection) for FY2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13

The current CBDT Time Series Table 1.2 'State And U.T. Wise Break-Up of Collection' only prints a rolling window (FY2018-19 onward). The archived CBDT Time Series editions on incometaxindia.gov.in that would contain 2010-11..2012-13 returned HTTP 403 (Access Denied / WAF) from this host, and no Lok Sabha/Rajya Sabha answer with a state-wise breakdown for these years was found. Not recorded to avoid using unofficial mirrors.

State/UT-wise direct tax collection (dt.state.collection) for FY2017-18

FY2017-18 falls between the archived answers (AU3213 ends at 2016-17) and the current CBDT Time Series Table 1.2 window (starts 2018-19, already in direct-tax-geo.json). The archived CBDT Time Series 2017-18/2018-19 editions were 403 from this host.

Dadra & Nagar Haveli (DNH) direct tax collection for FY2014-15..2016-17

USQ 3213 (which supplies 2014-15..2016-17) lists only 'Daman and Diu' in its UT block and omits a separate 'Dadra & Nagar Haveli' row; its value is not published there. DNH FY2013-14 (from USQ 486) is recorded.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-04 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-05 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-06 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-07 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-08 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-09 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-10 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-11 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2020-12 (national + state-wise)

Pre-2021 monthly PIB press releases are not mirrored on the gstcouncil '2024-02' upload folder (which only goes back to Jan-2021); the GSTN statistics page is a JavaScript single-page app whose file list could not be enumerated without a browser, and exact PIB PRIDs for these months are not discoverable by pattern.

Monthly GST collection data for 2023-06 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-01 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-02 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-03 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-04 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-05 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-06 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-08 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-09 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2024-10 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2025-02 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2025-11 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2025-12 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-01 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-03 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-04 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-05 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-06 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-07 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-08 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Monthly GST collection data for 2026-09 (national + state-wise)

GSTN monthly file not found at the predictable tutorial.gst.gov.in naming pattern (returns HTTP 404); recent files carry an unpredictable release-date suffix (e.g. '_01032026') that is only listed on the JavaScript-rendered GST statistics page, which could not be enumerated with the available non-browser tooling.

Jan-2022 component (CGST/SGST/IGST/Cess) and state-wise splits

The only locally held Jan-2022 file (gstcouncil scanned copy) is an image-only PDF with no text layer; no OCR engine (tesseract) is available in the data tool image, so only the finalised gross total (Rs 1,40,986 crore, as re-cited in the downloaded March-2022 release) could be recorded. Original provisional gross was Rs 1,38,394 crore.

Per-month component split of gross GST (gst.gross.cgst / gst.gross.sgst / gst.gross.igst / gst.gross.cess) for Jul 2017..Dec 2020

The consolidated official tables used here (Lok Sabha answers AU2062, AU1332, AU1316, AU150) publish only the monthly GROSS total (CGST+SGST+IGST+Cess combined), not the per-month breakdown. The month-by-month component split for this historical period is published only in the ~42 individual monthly PIB / GST Council press releases and newsletters, which were not ingested in this backfill pass. gst.gross.total is recorded; components are left for a per-month release pass.

State-wise monthly gst.state.collection for FY2017-18..2019-20

Lok Sabha answer AU1316 Annexure-I publishes a state-wise, month-wise table but explicitly for GROSS GST collection from DOMESTIC transactions only (excludes IGST on imports and uses a specific definition that differs from the gst.state.collection metric in gst.json). To avoid mixing incompatible definitions with the existing gst.state.collection series, state-wise historical GST was not recorded in this pass. A dedicated extraction aligning the metric definition is required.

RBI State Finances 2025-26 'Explanatory Note on Data Sources and Methodology' (PDF)

The rbidocs CDN served a TSPD/bot-defence JavaScript challenge and a 404 for the PDF path; it could not be downloaded programmatically (XLSX paths on the same CDN worked). Definitions were instead sourced from the appendix table footnotes and standard RBI definitions.

Older State Finances editions (2024, 2023, 2021) per-year appendix pages for independent 2020-21/2021-22/2022-23 Accounts

The RBI AnnualPublications.aspx year-selector is an ASP.NET postback; POSTs to www.rbi.org.in were rejected by the WAF ('Unauthorised Access'). Not needed in the end: the e-STATES database (single file) and the Handbook both carry 2020-21 onward Accounts/RE/BE, used instead.

GST compensation split and detailed grant/tax sub-heads for every state

Captured only the headline heads required by the metric catalogue; the e-STATES file contains the full sub-head detail if finer granularity is needed later.

state.gfd for All States/UTs aggregate (IN) for FY2010-11..2019-20

Handbook Table 164 lists individual states/UTs; the all-States aggregate GFD row was not extracted to avoid summing (no derived numbers). Per-state GFD is recorded.

state.otr/ontr/central_tax_share/grants for Telangana (TG) before FY2014-15

Telangana was formed on 2 June 2014; RBI e-STATES has no Telangana rows before FY2014-15, so none are recorded (not interpolated).

CGA provisional actuals for March 2026 (final FY2025-26) and FY2026-27 monthly accounts (e.g. up to Aug 2026)

cga.nic.in Monthly Accounts Dashboard list showed only the latest entry 'upto February 2026'; no March-2026 or 2026-27 dashboard files were published/exposed there, and the PIB press-release search endpoint did not respond.

State-wise devolution Annex 4B Actual 2021-22 (per-state)

Only in Receipt Budget 2023-24, whose PDF is a scanned image with no extractable text layer; OCR not performed. National 2021-22 devolution total (898392) is captured from rb-2026-27 Annex 2.

union.gtr.gst national ACTUAL for FY 2010-11..2016-17

GST was introduced on 1 July 2017; Annex-2 prints '...' for the Goods and Services Tax row before 2017-18. No value exists to record.

union.gtr.service_tax ACTUAL for 2015-16 was 211414; service tax exists 2010-11..2019-20 (recorded). No gap on service tax.

Recorded for all years; this note confirms completeness.

State-wise ACTUAL devolution (devolution.state.total) for FY 2010-11..2015-16

Receipt Budgets 2012-13..2017-18 publish Annex-4 only as a reconciliation / BE statement; the Annex-4B style 'state-wise distribution of net proceeds for ACTUAL <year>' first appears in Receipt Budget 2018-19 (ACTUAL 2016-17). No state-wise ACTUAL breakdown is printed in the Receipt Budget for 2010-11..2015-16.

State-wise ACTUAL devolution (devolution.state.total) for Sikkim (SK) and Tamil Nadu (TN) for FY 2017-18

Rows 23 (Sikkim) and 24 (Tamil Nadu) are absent from the text layer of Receipt Budget 2019-20 Annex-4B (the extracted table skips from Sl.No 22 Rajasthan to 25 Telangana). Not recorded to avoid guessing.